混凝土(tu)構(gou)造工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)由模板(ban)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)、鋼筋(jin)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)和(he)混凝土(tu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)三個主(zhu)要工(gong)種工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)組(zu)成(cheng)，模板(ban)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)是指(zhi)支承新澆筑混凝土(tu)的整個系統。模板(ban)構(gou)造主(zhu)要由模板(ban)、支撐構(gou)造和(he)銜接(jie)(jie)(jie)件三部份組(zu)成(cheng)。模板(ban)是直接(jie)(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸新澆筑混凝土(tu)的承力板(ban)。

　　支(zhi)(zhi)撐構造(zao)(zao)(zao)則是(shi)支(zhi)(zhi)承(cheng)模(mo)板、混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土和施工(gong)荷載(zai)的暫時構造(zao)(zao)(zao)，保證模(mo)板構造(zao)(zao)(zao)結實地(di)組(zu)合，使其不變(bian)形、不毀壞；銜接件是(shi)將模(mo)板與支(zhi)(zhi)撐構造(zao)(zao)(zao)銜接成整體的配件，在現(xian)澆混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土構造(zao)(zao)(zao)工(gong)程(cheng)中，模(mo)板工(gong)程(cheng)普通占混(hun)(hun)(hun)凝土構造(zao)(zao)(zao)工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價的20%~30%,占工(gong)程(cheng)用工(gong)量的30%~40%,占工(gong)期(qi)的50%左右。

　　模(mo)板(ban)(ban)技術(shu)關于進步(bu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)量、加(jia)快施工(gong)(gong)(gong)進度(du)、降低工(gong)(gong)(gong)程本錢和完(wan)成(cheng)文化施工(gong)(gong)(gong)，都具有重要的(de)影響，在(zai)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)技術(shu)上，許多高、難、大的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程主要集中(zhong)在(zai)混(hun)凝土構造工(gong)(gong)(gong)程上，而(er)混(hun)凝土工(gong)(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)，主要技術(shu)又(you)集中(zhong)在(zai)模(mo)板(ban)(ban)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程上，模(mo)板(ban)(ban)技術(shu)問題處理了，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程就可(ke)上去(qu)了，表現了模(mo)板(ban)(ban)技術(shu)的(de)主導作用。

　　在(zai)工程質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)上，模(mo)板(ban)(ban)施工質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)直接影響混凝土(tu)工程的(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，如混凝土(tu)構(gou)造工程長城杯，主要看模(mo)板(ban)(ban)施工的(de)混凝土(tu)外表(biao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)。清水(shui)混凝土(tu)模(mo)板(ban)(ban)施工工程必需選擇高質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)模(mo)板(ban)(ban)，應用這種(zhong)模(mo)板(ban)(ban)能夠完成各種(zhong)裝飾混凝土(tu)面(mian)和飾面(mian)清水(shui)混凝土(tu)面(mian)。

　　不只減少(shao)了混(hun)凝土(tu)面層濕(shi)作業的(de)(de)資(zi)料(liao)和人工費，也進步了卻(que)構工程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)層次，由此(ci)可見，模(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)在混(hun)凝土(tu)工程(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)(de)作用是非(fei)常(chang)重要的(de)(de)。我國(guo)目前的(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)極端(duan)落后模(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)依照資(zi)料(liao)，可分(fen)為木模(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)、竹模(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)、鋼模(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)、塑(su)料(liao)模(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)、鋁(lv)合金模(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)。

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